The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.